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/*
* This file and its contents are supplied under the terms of the
* Common Development and Distribution License ("CDDL"), version 1.0.
* You may only use this file in accordance with the terms of version
* 1.0 of the CDDL.
*
* A full copy of the text of the CDDL should have accompanied this
* source. A copy of the CDDL is also available via the Internet at
* http://www.illumos.org/license/CDDL.
*/
/*
* Copyright 2022 Oxide Computer Co.
*/
#ifndef _SYS_AMDZEN_SMN_H
#define _SYS_AMDZEN_SMN_H
#include <sys/debug.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
/*
* Generic definitions for the system management network (SMN) in Milan and many
* other AMD Zen processors. These are shared between the amdzen nexus and its
* client drivers and kernel code that may require SMN access to resources.
*
* ------------------------
* Endpoints and Addressing
* ------------------------
*
* SMN addresses are 36 bits long but in practice we can use only 32. Bits
* [35:32] identify a destination node, but all consumers instead direct SMN
* transactions to a specific node by selecting the address/data register pair
* in the NBIO PCI config space corresponding to the destination. Additional
* information about nodes and the organisation of devices in the Zen
* architecture may be found in the block comments in amdzen.c and cpuid.c.
*
* The SMN provides access to instances of various functional units present on
* or accessed via each node. Some functional units have only a single instance
* per node while others may have many. Each functional unit instance has one
* or more apertures in which it decodes addresses. The aperture portion of the
* address consists of bits [31:20] and the remainder of the address is used to
* specify a register instance within that functional unit. To complicate
* matters, some functional units have multiple smaller sub-units that decode
* smaller regions within its parent's aperture; in some cases, the bits in a
* mask describing the sub-unit's registers may not be contiguous. To keep
* software relatively simple, we generally treat sub-units and parent units the
* same and try to choose collections of registers whose addresses can all be
* computed in the same manner to form what we will describe as a unit.
*
* Each functional unit should typically have its own header containing register
* definitions, accessors, and address calculation routines; some functional
* units are small and straightforward while others may have numerous complex
* sub-units, registers with many instances whose locations are computed in
* unusual and nonstandard ways, and other features that need to be declared for
* consumers. Those functional units that are present across many processors
* and have similar or identical contents across them should live in this
* directory; umc.h is such an example. Others may be specific to a particular
* processor family (see cpuid.c) or other collection and may require their own
* subdirectories, symbol prefixes, and so on. Unlike the DF, the existence,
* location, and format of registers accessible over SMN are not versioned nor
* are they generally self-discoverable. Each functional unit may be present or
* absent, in varying numbers and with varying functionality, across the entire
* Zen product range. Therefore, at this time most per-unit headers are
* intended for use only by code that will execute on a specific processor
* family. Unifying them over time is considered desirable to the extent the
* hardware allows it.
*
* -----
* Types
* -----
*
* Practically every last one of us has screwed up the order of arguments to
* functions like amdzen_smn_write32() when they take an address and a value of
* the same type. Repeatedly. Often. To safety this particularly annoying
* footgun, we pass SMN register addresses around in a dedicated struct type
* smn_reg_t, intended to be instantiated only by the amdzen_xx_smn_reg() and
* analogous kernel functions and the macros that expand to them or, for the
* YOLO crew, SMN_MAKE_REG(). Since the struct type and uint32_t are not
* compatible, the compiler will always squawk if the register and value
* arguments are reversed, leaving us far fewer baffling failures to debug at
* runtime. Typical callers don't require any awareness of this at all, but
* those that want to pass the address around to e.g. log warnings can obtain
* the uint32_t address via SMN_REG_ADDR().
*
* Register definitions within functional units are provided by objects of type
* `const smn_reg_def_t`, the usage of which is described in detail in the next
* section. For now these are produced on demand by macros; see additional
* notes on conventions below. In time, this mechanism may be extended to
* incorporate version information in a manner similar to that used in df.h. An
* automated mechanism for creating a single collection of register and field
* definitions for C, in CTF, and/or for other language consumers as well as
* automated register value decoding remains an open area for future work.
*
* -----------------------
* Instances and Iterators
* -----------------------
*
* Not only do some functional units have many instances, so too do many
* registers. AMD documentation describes registers in terms of a series of
* iterators over various functional units, subunits, and other entities and
* attributes that each multiply the number of register instances. A concrete
* example from the publicly-available Naples PPR (publication 54945 rev. 1.14)
* may make this simpler to understand. Unfortunately, SMN is not described by
* this document, but the register instance syntax used is the same and is
* described in additional detail in sections 1.3.3-4. For our example, let us
* consider the same MSR that AMD uses in their own example,
* Core::X86::MSR::TSC. We are given that this register has the following
* instances: lthree[1:0]_core[3:0]_thread[1:0]. We therefore have three
* iterators: one for 'lthree's, one for 'core's for each 'lthree', and one for
* 'thread's for each 'core'. We can also see that there are 16 total
* instances; in fact, there are actually 16 per core-complex die (CCD), which
* documents for more recent processors would expose as a fourth iterator. To
* keep things relatively simple, we will assume that there are only 16 per
* processor. If it were possible to access all of these instances via MMIO,
* SMN, or some other flat address space (it isn't, as far as we can tell), a
* function for computing the address of each instance would require three
* parameters. Let us suppose that this register really were accessible via
* SMN; in that case, we would also be provided with a list of instance alias
* such as
*
* _thread[1:0]_core[7:0]_lthree[1:0]_alias_SMN: THREADREGS[1:0]x0000_0010;
* THREADREGS[1:0]=COREREGS[7:0]x0000_[4,0]000;
* COREREGS[7:0]=L3REGS[1:0]x000[7:0]_5000; L3REGS[1:0]=57[A,6]0_0000
*
* To compute the address of an instance of this hypothetical register, we would
* begin by determining that its top-level functional unit is L3REGS with a base
* aperture at 0x5760_0000. There are two instances of this functional unit (01
* and 1) and each subsequent instance is offset 0x40_0000 from the previous.
* This allows us to compute the base address of each L3REGS block; a similar
* process is then used to compute the base address of each COREREGS block, and
* finally the address of each THREADREGS block that contains the register
* instance. In practice, we might choose instead to consider the COREREGS as
* our functional unit, with instances at 0x5760_5000, 0x5761_5000, 0x57A0_5000,
* and 0x57A1_5000; whether it is useful to do this depends on whether we need
* to consider other registers in the L3REGS unit that may not have per-core
* blocks or instances but would otherwise be interleaved with these. This ends
* up being something of a judgment call. Let's suppose we want to consider the
* entire L3REGS functional unit and write a function to compute the address of
* any register (including our hypothetical TSC) in the subordinate THREADREGS
* blocks. We'll start by adding the new unit to the smn_unit_t enumeration;
* let's call it SMN_UNIT_L3REGS_COREREGS since that's the sub-unit level at
* which we can uniformly compute register instance addresses. We have already
* determined our base aperture and we know that we have 3 iterators and
* therefore three parameters; all SMN address calculators return an smn_reg_t
* and must accept an smn_reg_def_t. Therefore our function's signature is:
*
* smn_reg_t amdzen_smn_l3regs_coreregs_reg(uint8_t l3no,
* const smn_reg_def_t def, uint16_t coreinst, uint16_t threadinst);
*
* We have chosen to use a base aperture of 0x5760_0000 and unit offset
* 0x40_0000, so we can begin by computing a COREREGS aperture:
*
* const uint32_t aperture_base = 0x57600000;
* const uint32_t aperture_off = l3no * 0x400000;
* const uint32_t coreregs_aperture_base = 0x5000;
* const uint32_t coreregs_aperture_off = coreinst * 0x10000;
*
* We can now consider the smn_reg_def_t our function will be given, which
* describes THREADREGS::TSC. Within the COREREGS functional sub-unit, each
* thread register has 2 instances present at a stride of 0x4000 bytes (from our
* hypothetical register definition), so the register would be defined as
* follows:
*
* #define D_L3REGS_COREREGS_THREAD_TSC (const smn_reg_def_t){ \
* .srd_unit = SMN_UNIT_L3REGS_COREREGS, \
* .srd_reg = 0x10, \
* .srd_nents = 2, \
* .srd_stride = 0x4000 \
* }
*
* Note that describing the number of entries and their stride in the register
* definition allows us to collapse the last functional sub-unit in our
* calculation process: we need not compute the base aperture address of the
* THREADREGS sub-unit. Instead, we can follow our previous code with:
*
* const uint32_t aperture = aperture_base +
* coreregs_aperture_base + coreregs_aperture_off;
* const uint32_t reg = def.srd_reg + threadinst * def.srd_stride;
*
* Finally, we convert the aperture address and register offset into the
* appropriate type and return it:
*
* return (SMN_MAKE_REG(aperture + reg));
*
* As you can see, other registers in THREADREGS would be defined with the same
* number entries and stride but a different offset (srd_reg member), while
* other registers in the COREREGS block would have a different offset and
* stride. For example, if a block of per-core (not per-thread) registers were
* located at COREREGS[7:0]x0000_1000, a register called "COREREGS::FrobberCntl"
* in that block with a single instance at offset 0x48 might be defined as
*
* #define D_L3REGS_COREREGS_FROB_CTL (const smn_reg_def_t){ \
* .srd_unit = SMN_UNIT_L3REGS_COREREGS, \
* .srd_reg = 0x1048, \
* .srd_nents = 1 \
* }
*
* You can satisfy yourself that the same calculation function we wrote above
* will correctly compute the address of the sole instance (0) of this register.
* To further simplify register definitions and callers, the actual address
* calculation functions are written to treat srd_nents == 0 to mean a register
* with a single instance, and to treat srd_stride == 0 as if it were 4 (the
* space occupied by registers accessed by SMN is -- so far as we can tell,
* practically always -- 4 bytes in size, even if the register itself is
* smaller). Additionally, a large number of assertions should be present in
* such functions to guard against foreign unit register definitions,
* out-of-bounds unit and register instance parameters, address overflow, and
* register instance offsets that overflow improperly into an aperture base
* address. All of these conditions indicate either an incorrect register
* definition or a bug in the caller. See the template macro at the bottom of
* this file and umc.h for additional examples of calculating and checking
* register addresses.
*
* With address computation out of the way, we can then provide an accessor for
* each instance this register:
*
* #define L3REGS_COREREGS_THREAD_TSC(l3, core, thread) \
* amdzen_l3regs_coreregs_reg(l3, D_L3REGS_COREREGS_THREAD_TSC, \
* core, thread)
*
* Our other per-core register's accessor would look like:
*
* #define L3REGS_COREREGS_FROB_CTL(l3, core) \
* amdzen_l3regs_coreregs_reg(l3, D_L3REGS_COREREGS_FROB_CTL, core, 0)
*
* The next section describes these conventions in greater detail.
*
* -----------
* Conventions
* -----------
*
* First, let's consider the names of the register definition and the
* convenience macro supplied to obtain an instance of that register: we've
* prefixed the global definition of the registers with D_ and the convenience
* macros to return a specific instance are simply named for the register
* itself. Additionally, the two macros expand to objects of incompatible
* types, so that using the wrong one will always be detected at compile time.
* Why do we expose both of these? The instance macro is useful for callers who
* know at compile-time the name of the register of which they want instances;
* this makes it unnecessary to remember the names of functions used to compute
* register instance addresses. The definition itself is useful to callers that
* accept const smn_reg_def_t arguments referring to registers of which the
* immediate caller does not know the names at compile time.
*
* You may wonder why we don't declare named constants for the definitions.
* There are two ways we could do that and both are unfortunate: one would be to
* declare them static in the header, the other to separate declarations in the
* header from initialisation in a separate source file. Measurements revealed
* that the former causes a very substantial increase in data size, which will
* be multiplied by the number of registers defined and the number of source
* files including the header. As convenient as it is to have these symbolic
* constants available to debuggers and other tools at runtime, they're just too
* big. However, it is possible to generate code to be compiled into loadable
* modules that would contain a single copy of the constants for this purpose as
* well as for providing CTF to foreign-language binding generators. The other
* option considered here, putting the constants in separate source files, makes
* maintenance significantly more challenging and makes it likely not only that
* new registers may not be added properly but also that definitions, macros, or
* both may be incorrect. Neither of these options is terrible but for now
* we've optimised for simplicity of maintenance and minimal data size at the
* immediate but not necessarily permanent expense of some debugging
* convenience.
*
* We wish to standardise as much as possible on conventions across all
* Zen-related functional units and blocks (including those accessed by SMN,
* through the DF directly, and by other means). In general, some register and
* field names are shortened from their official names for clarity and brevity;
* the official names are always given in the comment above the definition.
* AMD's functional units come from many internal teams and presumably several
* outside vendors as well; as a result, there is no single convention to be
* found throughout the PPRs and other documentation. For example, different
* units may have registers containing "CTL", "CNTL", "CTRL", "CNTRL", and
* "CONTROL", as well as "FOO_CNTL", "FooCntl", and "Foo_Cntl". Reflecting
* longstanding illumos conventions, we collapse all such register names
* regardless of case as follows:
*
* CTL/CTRL/CNTL/CNTRL/CONTROL => CTL
* CFG/CONF/CONFIG/CONFIGURATION => CFG
* EN/ENAB/ENABLE/ENABLED => EN
* DIS/DISAB/DISABLE/DISABLED => DIS
*
* Note that if collapsing these would result in ambiguity, more of the official
* names will be preserved. In addition to collapsing register and field names
* in this case-insensitive manner, we also follow standard code style practice
* and name macros and constants in SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE regardless of AMD's
* official name. It is similarly reasonable to truncate or abbreviate other
* common terms in a consistent manner where doing so preserves uniqueness and
* at least some semantic value; without doing so, some official register names
* will be excessively unwieldy and may not even fit into 80 columns. Please
* maintain these practices and strive for consistency with existing examples
* when abbreviation is required.
*
* As we have done elsewhere throughout the amdzen body of work, register fields
* should always be given in order starting with the most significant bits and
* working down toward 0; this matches AMD's documentation and makes it easier
* for reviewers and other readers to follow. The routines in bitext.h should
* be used to extract and set bitfields unless there is a compelling reason to
* do otherwise (e.g., assembly consumers). Accessors should be named
* UNIT_REG_GET_FIELD and UNIT_REG_SET_FIELD respectively, unless the register
* has a single field that has no meaningful name (i.e., the field's name is the
* same as the register's or it's otherwise obvious from the context what its
* purpose is), in which case UNIT_REG_GET and UNIT_REG_SET are appropriate.
* Additional getters and setters that select a particular bit from a register
* or field consisting entirely of individual bits describing or controlling the
* state of some entity may also be useful. As with register names, be as brief
* as possible without sacrificing too much information.
*
* Constant values associated with a field should be declared immediately
* following that field. If a constant or collection of constants is used in
* multiple fields of the same register, the definitions should follow the last
* such field; similarly, constants used in multiple registers should follow the
* last such register, and a comment explaining the scope of their validity is
* recommended. Such constants should be named for the common elements of the
* fields or registers in which they are valid.
*
* As noted above, SMN register definitions should omit the srd_nents and
* srd_stride members when there is a single instance of the register within the
* unit. The srd_stride member should also be elided when the register
* instances are contiguous. All address calculation routines should be written
* to support these conventions. Each register should have an accessor macro or
* function, and should accept instance numbers in order from superior to
* inferior (e.g., from the largest functional unit to the smallest, ending with
* the register instance itself). This convention is similar to that used in
* generic PCIe code in which a register is specified by bus, device, and
* function numbers in that order. Register accessor macros or inline functions
* should not expose inapplicable taxons to callers; in our example above,
* COREREGS_FROB_CTL has an instance for each core but is not associated with a
* thread; therefore its accessor should not accept a thread instance argument
* even though the address calculation function it uses does.
*
* Most of these conventions are not specific to registers accessed via SMN;
* note also that some registers may be accessed in multiple ways (e.g., SMN and
* MMIO, or SMN and the MSR instructions). While the code here is generally
* unaware of such aliased access methods, following these conventions will
* simplify naming and usage if such a register needs to be accessed in multiple
* ways. Sensible additions to macro and symbol names such as the access method
* to be used will generally be sufficient to disambiguate while allowing reuse
* of associated field accessors, constants, and in some cases even register
* offset, instance count, and stride.
*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define SMN_APERTURE_MASK 0xfff00000
/*
* An instance of an SMN-accessible register.
*/
typedef struct smn_reg {
uint32_t sr_addr;
uint8_t sr_size; /* Not size_t: can't ever be that big. */
} smn_reg_t;
/*
* These are intended to be macro-like (and indeed some used to be macros) but
* are implemented as inline functions so that we can use compound statements
* without extensions and don't have to worry about multiple evaluation. Hence
* their capitalised names.
*/
static inline smn_reg_t
SMN_MAKE_REG_SIZED(const uint32_t addr, const uint8_t size)
{
const uint8_t size_always = (size == 0) ? 4 : size;
const smn_reg_t rv = {
.sr_addr = addr,
.sr_size = size_always
};
return (rv);
}
#define SMN_MAKE_REG(x) SMN_MAKE_REG_SIZED(x, 4)
#define SMN_REG_ADDR(x) ((x).sr_addr)
#define SMN_REG_SIZE(x) ((x).sr_size)
static inline boolean_t
SMN_REG_SIZE_IS_VALID(const smn_reg_t reg)
{
return (reg.sr_size == 1 || reg.sr_size == 2 || reg.sr_size == 4);
}
/* Is this register suitably aligned for access of <size> bytes? */
#define SMN_REG_IS_ALIGNED(x, size) IS_P2ALIGNED(SMN_REG_ADDR(x), size)
/* Is this register naturally aligned with respect to its own width? */
static inline boolean_t
SMN_REG_IS_NATURALLY_ALIGNED(const smn_reg_t reg)
{
return (SMN_REG_IS_ALIGNED(reg, reg.sr_size));
}
/* Does <val> fit into SMN register <x>? */
#define SMN_REG_VALUE_FITS(x, val) \
(((val) & ~(0xffffffffU >> ((4 - SMN_REG_SIZE(x)) << 3))) == 0)
/*
* Retrieve the base address of the register. This is the address that will
* actually be set in the index register when performing a read or write of the
* underlying register via SMN. It must always be 32-bit aligned.
*/
static inline uint32_t
SMN_REG_ADDR_BASE(const smn_reg_t reg)
{
return (reg.sr_addr & ~3);
}
/*
* The offset address is the byte offset into the 32-bit-wide data register that
* will be returned by a read or set by a write, if the register is smaller than
* 32 bits wide. For registers that are 32 bits wide, this is always 0.
*/
static inline uint32_t
SMN_REG_ADDR_OFF(const smn_reg_t reg)
{
return (reg.sr_addr & 3);
}
/*
* This exists so that address calculation functions can check that the register
* definitions they're passed are something they understand how to use. While
* many address calculation functions are similar, some functional units define
* registers with multiple iterators, have differently-sized apertures, or both;
* it's important that we reject foreign register definitions in these
* functions. In principle this could be done at compile time, but the
* preprocessor gymnastics required to do so are excessively vile and we are
* really already hanging it pretty far over the edge in terms of what the C
* preprocessor can do for us.
*/
typedef enum smn_unit {
SMN_UNIT_UNKNOWN,
SMN_UNIT_IOAPIC,
SMN_UNIT_IOHC,
SMN_UNIT_IOHCDEV_PCIE,
SMN_UNIT_IOHCDEV_NBIF,
SMN_UNIT_IOHCDEV_SB,
SMN_UNIT_IOAGR,
SMN_UNIT_SDPMUX,
SMN_UNIT_UMC,
SMN_UNIT_PCIE_CORE,
SMN_UNIT_PCIE_PORT,
SMN_UNIT_PCIE_RSMU,
SMN_UNIT_SCFCTP,
SMN_UNIT_SMUPWR,
SMN_UNIT_IOMMUL1,
SMN_UNIT_IOMMUL2,
SMN_UNIT_NBIF,
SMN_UNIT_NBIF_ALT,
SMN_UNIT_NBIF_FUNC
} smn_unit_t;
/*
* srd_unit and srd_reg are required; they describe the functional unit and the
* register's address within that unit's aperture (which may be the SDP-defined
* aperture described above or a smaller one if a unit has been broken down
* logically into smaller units). srd_nents is optional; if not set, all
* existing consumers assume a value of 0 is equivalent to 1: the register has
* but a single instance in each unit. srd_size is the width of the register in
* bytes, which must be 0, 1, 2, or 4. If 0, the size is assumed to be 4 bytes.
* srd_stride is ignored if srd_nents is 0 or 1 and optional otherwise; it
* describes the number of bytes to be added to the previous instance's address
* to obtain that of the next instance. If left at 0 it is assumed to be equal
* to the width of the register.
*
* There are units in which registers have more complicated collections of
* instances that cannot be represented perfectly by this simple descriptor;
* they require custom address calculation macros and functions that may take
* additional arguments, and they may not be able to check their arguments or
* the computed addresses as carefully as would be ideal.
*/
typedef struct smn_reg_def {
smn_unit_t srd_unit;
uint32_t srd_reg;
uint32_t srd_stride;
uint16_t srd_nents;
uint8_t srd_size;
} smn_reg_def_t;
/*
* This macro may be used by per-functional-unit code to construct an address
* calculation function. It is usable by some, BUT NOT ALL, functional units;
* see the block comment above for an example that cannot be accommodated. Here
* we assume that there are at most 2 iterators in any register's definition.
* Use this when possible, as it provides a large number of useful checks on
* DEBUG bits. Similar checks should be incorporated into implementations for
* nonstandard functional units to the extent possible.
*/
#define AMDZEN_MAKE_SMN_REG_FN(_fn, _unit, _base, _mask, _nunits, _unitshift) \
CTASSERT(((_base) & ~(_mask)) == 0); \
static inline smn_reg_t \
_fn(const uint8_t unitno, const smn_reg_def_t def, const uint16_t reginst) \
{ \
const uint32_t unit32 = (const uint32_t)unitno; \
const uint32_t reginst32 = (const uint32_t)reginst; \
const uint32_t size32 = (def.srd_size == 0) ? 4 : \
(const uint32_t)def.srd_size; \
ASSERT(size32 == 1 || size32 == 2 || size32 == 4); \
const uint32_t stride = (def.srd_stride == 0) ? size32 : \
def.srd_stride; \
ASSERT3U(stride, >=, size32); \
const uint32_t nents = (def.srd_nents == 0) ? 1 : \
(const uint32_t)def.srd_nents; \
\
ASSERT3S(def.srd_unit, ==, SMN_UNIT_ ## _unit); \
ASSERT3U(unit32, <, (_nunits)); \
ASSERT3U(nents, >, reginst32); \
ASSERT0(def.srd_reg & (_mask)); \
\
const uint32_t aperture_base = (_base); \
\
const uint32_t aperture_off = (unit32 << (_unitshift)); \
ASSERT3U(aperture_off, <=, UINT32_MAX - aperture_base); \
\
const uint32_t aperture = aperture_base + aperture_off; \
ASSERT0(aperture & ~(_mask)); \
\
const uint32_t reg = def.srd_reg + reginst32 * stride; \
ASSERT0(reg & (_mask)); \
\
return (SMN_MAKE_REG_SIZED(aperture + reg, size32)); \
}
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* _SYS_AMDZEN_SMN_H */